telegram-bot-workers/tests/kv-cache.test.ts

/**
 * Comprehensive Unit Tests for kv-cache.ts
 *
 * 테스트 범위:
 * 1. KVCache 기본 CRUD 작업 (get, set, delete)
 * 2. TTL 기능 (expirationTtl)
 * 3. getOrSet 패턴 (cache-aside pattern)
 * 4. exists 체크
 * 5. Rate limiting 로직
 * 6. 에러 핸들링
 * 7. Prefix 분리 (rate vs session)
 *
 * NOTE: 이 테스트는 DB가 필요 없으므로 setup.ts를 import하지 않습니다.
 */
import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach, vi } from 'vitest';
import {
  KVCache,
  createRateLimitCache,
  createSessionCache,
  checkRateLimitWithCache,
} from '../src/services/kv-cache';

/**
 * Mock KVNamespace implementation
 * - In-memory Map으로 실제 KV 동작 시뮬레이션
 * - TTL 자동 만료 로직 포함
 */
const createMockKV = () => {
  const store = new Map<string, { value: string; expiration?: number }>();

  return {
    get: vi.fn(async (key: string, type?: string) => {
      const entry = store.get(key);
      if (!entry) return null;

      // TTL 만료 확인
      if (entry.expiration && entry.expiration < Date.now() / 1000) {
        store.delete(key);
        return null;
      }

      // type이 'json'이면 파싱해서 반환
      if (type === 'json') {
        try {
          return JSON.parse(entry.value);
        } catch {
          return null;
        }
      }

      return entry.value;
    }),
    put: vi.fn(async (key: string, value: string, options?: { expirationTtl?: number }) => {
      const expiration = options?.expirationTtl
        ? Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + options.expirationTtl
        : undefined;
      store.set(key, { value, expiration });
    }),
    delete: vi.fn(async (key: string) => {
      store.delete(key);
    }),
    _store: store, // 테스트용 직접 접근
  };
};

describe('KVCache - Basic Operations', () => {
  let mockKV: ReturnType<typeof createMockKV>;
  let cache: KVCache;

  beforeEach(() => {
    mockKV = createMockKV();
    cache = new KVCache(mockKV as unknown as KVNamespace, 'test');
  });

  describe('get/set', () => {
    it('should store and retrieve simple string values', async () => {
      await cache.set('key1', 'value1');
      const result = await cache.get<string>('key1');
      expect(result).toBe('value1');
    });

    it('should store and retrieve object values', async () => {
      const data = { name: 'John', age: 30 };
      await cache.set('user', data);
      const result = await cache.get<typeof data>('user');
      expect(result).toEqual(data);
    });

    it('should return null for missing keys', async () => {
      const result = await cache.get('nonexistent');
      expect(result).toBeNull();
    });

    it('should use prefix in key names', async () => {
      await cache.set('key1', 'value1');
      expect(mockKV.put).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
        'test:key1',
        JSON.stringify('value1'),
        undefined
      );
    });

    it('should handle empty prefix', async () => {
      const noPrefixCache = new KVCache(mockKV as unknown as KVNamespace, '');
      await noPrefixCache.set('key1', 'value1');
      expect(mockKV.put).toHaveBeenCalledWith('key1', JSON.stringify('value1'), undefined);
    });
  });

  describe('TTL expiration', () => {
    it('should store value with TTL', async () => {
      await cache.set('key1', 'value1', 60);
      expect(mockKV.put).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
        'test:key1',
        JSON.stringify('value1'),
        { expirationTtl: 60 }
      );
    });

    it('should respect TTL and expire values', async () => {
      // TTL 1초로 설정
      await cache.set('key1', 'value1', 1);

      // 1.1초 대기 (TTL 만료)
      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1100));

      const result = await cache.get('key1');
      expect(result).toBeNull();
    });

    it('should not expire values without TTL', async () => {
      await cache.set('key1', 'value1'); // TTL 없음
      const result = await cache.get<string>('key1');
      expect(result).toBe('value1');
    });
  });

  describe('delete', () => {
    it('should delete existing keys', async () => {
      await cache.set('key1', 'value1');
      const success = await cache.delete('key1');

      expect(success).toBe(true);
      expect(mockKV.delete).toHaveBeenCalledWith('test:key1');

      const result = await cache.get('key1');
      expect(result).toBeNull();
    });

    it('should return true even for non-existent keys', async () => {
      const success = await cache.delete('nonexistent');
      expect(success).toBe(true);
    });
  });

  describe('exists', () => {
    it('should return true for existing keys', async () => {
      await cache.set('key1', 'value1');
      const exists = await cache.exists('key1');
      expect(exists).toBe(true);
    });

    it('should return false for missing keys', async () => {
      const exists = await cache.exists('nonexistent');
      expect(exists).toBe(false);
    });

    it('should return false for expired keys', async () => {
      await cache.set('key1', 'value1', 1); // TTL 1초
      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1100)); // 1.1초 대기

      const exists = await cache.exists('key1');
      expect(exists).toBe(false);
    });
  });
});

describe('KVCache - getOrSet Pattern', () => {
  let mockKV: ReturnType<typeof createMockKV>;
  let cache: KVCache;

  beforeEach(() => {
    mockKV = createMockKV();
    cache = new KVCache(mockKV as unknown as KVNamespace, 'test');
  });

  it('should return cached value if exists', async () => {
    const factory = vi.fn(async () => 'new-value');

    // 먼저 캐시에 저장
    await cache.set('key1', 'cached-value');

    // getOrSet 호출
    const result = await cache.getOrSet('key1', factory);

    expect(result).toBe('cached-value');
    expect(factory).not.toHaveBeenCalled(); // factory는 호출 안됨
  });

  it('should call factory and cache result if not exists', async () => {
    const factory = vi.fn(async () => 'new-value');

    const result = await cache.getOrSet('key1', factory);

    expect(result).toBe('new-value');
    expect(factory).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);

    // 캐시에 저장되었는지 확인
    const cached = await cache.get<string>('key1');
    expect(cached).toBe('new-value');
  });

  it('should respect TTL in getOrSet', async () => {
    const factory = vi.fn(async () => 'new-value');

    await cache.getOrSet('key1', factory, 60);

    expect(mockKV.put).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
      'test:key1',
      JSON.stringify('new-value'),
      { expirationTtl: 60 }
    );
  });

  it('should handle factory errors gracefully', async () => {
    const factory = vi.fn(async () => {
      throw new Error('Factory failed');
    });

    await expect(cache.getOrSet('key1', factory)).rejects.toThrow('Factory failed');

    // 캐시에 저장되지 않았는지 확인
    const cached = await cache.get('key1');
    expect(cached).toBeNull();
  });
});

describe('KVCache - Error Handling', () => {
  let mockKV: ReturnType<typeof createMockKV>;
  let cache: KVCache;

  beforeEach(() => {
    mockKV = createMockKV();
    cache = new KVCache(mockKV as unknown as KVNamespace, 'test');
  });

  it('should return null on get() error', async () => {
    mockKV.get.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('KV get failed'));

    const result = await cache.get('key1');
    expect(result).toBeNull();
  });

  it('should return false on set() error', async () => {
    mockKV.put.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('KV put failed'));

    const success = await cache.set('key1', 'value1');
    expect(success).toBe(false);
  });

  it('should return false on delete() error', async () => {
    mockKV.delete.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('KV delete failed'));

    const success = await cache.delete('key1');
    expect(success).toBe(false);
  });

  it('should handle JSON parse errors', async () => {
    // 잘못된 JSON을 직접 저장
    mockKV._store.set('test:key1', { value: 'invalid-json{', expiration: undefined });

    const result = await cache.get('key1');
    expect(result).toBeNull();
  });
});

describe('Rate Limiting', () => {
  let mockKV: ReturnType<typeof createMockKV>;
  let cache: KVCache;

  beforeEach(() => {
    mockKV = createMockKV();
    cache = createRateLimitCache(mockKV as unknown as KVNamespace);
  });

  it('should use "rate" prefix', async () => {
    await cache.set('user1', 'test');
    expect(mockKV.put).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
      'rate:user1',
      expect.any(String),
      undefined
    );
  });

  describe('checkRateLimitWithCache', () => {
    it('should allow first request', async () => {
      const allowed = await checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user1', 30, 60);
      expect(allowed).toBe(true);

      // count=1로 저장되었는지 확인
      const data = await cache.get<{ count: number; windowStart: number }>('user1');
      expect(data?.count).toBe(1);
    });

    it('should allow requests within limit', async () => {
      // 30번 요청 허용
      for (let i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
        const allowed = await checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user1', 30, 60);
        expect(allowed).toBe(true);
      }

      // count=30인지 확인
      const data = await cache.get<{ count: number; windowStart: number }>('user1');
      expect(data?.count).toBe(30);
    });

    it('should block requests over limit', async () => {
      // 30번 요청
      for (let i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
        await checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user1', 30, 60);
      }

      // 31번째 요청은 차단
      const allowed = await checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user1', 30, 60);
      expect(allowed).toBe(false);
    });

    it('should reset window after expiration', async () => {
      // windowSeconds=1로 설정 (1초 윈도우)
      await checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user1', 30, 1);

      // 2초 대기 (윈도우 만료)
      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 2000));

      // 새 윈도우 시작되어야 함
      const allowed = await checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user1', 30, 1);
      expect(allowed).toBe(true);

      // count=1로 리셋되었는지 확인
      const data = await cache.get<{ count: number; windowStart: number }>('user1');
      expect(data?.count).toBe(1);
    });

    it('should handle different users independently', async () => {
      // user1: 30번 요청
      for (let i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
        await checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user1', 30, 60);
      }

      // user2: 아직 요청 없음 (허용되어야 함)
      const allowed = await checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user2', 30, 60);
      expect(allowed).toBe(true);
    });

    it('should track count correctly', async () => {
      await checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user1', 30, 60); // count=1
      await checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user1', 30, 60); // count=2
      await checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user1', 30, 60); // count=3

      const data = await cache.get<{ count: number; windowStart: number }>('user1');
      expect(data?.count).toBe(3);
    });

    it('should handle concurrent requests', async () => {
      // 동시에 10개의 요청
      const promises = Array(10).fill(null).map(() =>
        checkRateLimitWithCache(cache, 'user1', 30, 60)
      );

      const results = await Promise.all(promises);

      // 모두 허용되어야 함 (10 <= 30)
      expect(results.every(r => r)).toBe(true);

      // count=10인지 확인 (race condition 가능성 있으나 테스트 환경에서는 순차 실행)
      const data = await cache.get<{ count: number; windowStart: number }>('user1');
      expect(data?.count).toBeGreaterThan(0);
      expect(data?.count).toBeLessThanOrEqual(10);
    });
  });
});

describe('Session Cache', () => {
  let mockKV: ReturnType<typeof createMockKV>;
  let cache: KVCache;

  beforeEach(() => {
    mockKV = createMockKV();
    cache = createSessionCache(mockKV as unknown as KVNamespace);
  });

  it('should use "session" prefix', async () => {
    await cache.set('user1', { state: 'active' });
    expect(mockKV.put).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
      'session:user1',
      expect.any(String),
      undefined
    );
  });

  it('should store and retrieve session data', async () => {
    const sessionData = {
      state: 'gathering',
      collectedInfo: { purpose: '블로그' },
    };

    await cache.set('server_session:123', sessionData, 3600);

    const result = await cache.get<typeof sessionData>('server_session:123');
    expect(result).toEqual(sessionData);
  });
});

describe('Prefix Isolation', () => {
  let mockKV: ReturnType<typeof createMockKV>;
  let rateCache: KVCache;
  let sessionCache: KVCache;

  beforeEach(() => {
    mockKV = createMockKV();
    rateCache = createRateLimitCache(mockKV as unknown as KVNamespace);
    sessionCache = createSessionCache(mockKV as unknown as KVNamespace);
  });

  it('should isolate keys between rate and session caches', async () => {
    await rateCache.set('user1', 'rate-data');
    await sessionCache.set('user1', 'session-data');

    // rate:user1과 session:user1은 다른 키
    const rateData = await rateCache.get<string>('user1');
    const sessionData = await sessionCache.get<string>('user1');

    expect(rateData).toBe('rate-data');
    expect(sessionData).toBe('session-data');
  });

  it('should store keys with correct prefixes', async () => {
    await rateCache.set('user1', 'test');
    await sessionCache.set('user1', 'test');

    expect(mockKV._store.has('rate:user1')).toBe(true);
    expect(mockKV._store.has('session:user1')).toBe(true);
    expect(mockKV._store.has('user1')).toBe(false); // prefix 없는 키는 없어야 함
  });
});

describe('Complex Data Types', () => {
  let mockKV: ReturnType<typeof createMockKV>;
  let cache: KVCache;

  beforeEach(() => {
    mockKV = createMockKV();
    cache = new KVCache(mockKV as unknown as KVNamespace, 'test');
  });

  it('should handle nested objects', async () => {
    const data = {
      user: {
        id: 1,
        profile: {
          name: 'John',
          age: 30,
        },
      },
    };

    await cache.set('complex', data);
    const result = await cache.get<typeof data>('complex');
    expect(result).toEqual(data);
  });

  it('should handle arrays', async () => {
    const data = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
    await cache.set('array', data);
    const result = await cache.get<number[]>('array');
    expect(result).toEqual(data);
  });

  it('should handle null values', async () => {
    await cache.set('null-value', null);
    const result = await cache.get('null-value');
    expect(result).toBeNull();
  });

  it('should handle boolean values', async () => {
    await cache.set('bool-true', true);
    await cache.set('bool-false', false);

    expect(await cache.get('bool-true')).toBe(true);
    expect(await cache.get('bool-false')).toBe(false);
  });

  it('should handle number values', async () => {
    await cache.set('number', 12345);
    const result = await cache.get<number>('number');
    expect(result).toBe(12345);
  });
});