dev: NixOS 25.11 매뉴얼 로컬 사본 추가

nixpkgs nixos-25.11 브랜치의 nixos/doc/manual/ 디렉토리를 sparse clone으로
가져와 ~/obsidian/dev/nixos-manual/에 복사. _index.md에 구조/갱신 방법 정리.

오프라인 참조 + AI 에이전트 컨텍스트용. sandbox-tokyo 같은 NixOS 노드 운영 시
빠른 참조로 사용.
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kappa
2026-04-08 16:15:46 +09:00
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# All Hardware {#sec-profile-all-hardware}
Enables all hardware supported by NixOS: i.e., all firmware is included, and
all devices from which one may boot are enabled in the initrd. Its primary
use is in the NixOS installation CDs.
The enabled kernel modules include support for SATA and PATA, SCSI
(partially), USB, Firewire (untested), Virtio (QEMU, KVM, etc.), VMware, and
Hyper-V. Additionally, [](#opt-hardware.enableAllFirmware) is
enabled, and the firmware for the ZyDAS ZD1211 chipset is specifically
installed.

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# Base {#sec-profile-base}
Defines the software packages included in the "minimal" installation CD. It
installs several utilities useful in a simple recovery or install media, such
as a text-mode web browser, and tools for manipulating block devices,
networking, hardware diagnostics, and filesystems (with their respective
kernel modules).

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# Clone Config {#sec-profile-clone-config}
This profile is used in installer images. It provides an editable
configuration.nix that imports all the modules that were also used when
creating the image in the first place. As a result it allows users to edit
and rebuild the live-system.
On images where the installation media also becomes an installation target,
copying over `configuration.nix` should be disabled by
setting `installer.cloneConfig` to `false`.
For example, this is done in `sd-image-aarch64-installer.nix`.

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# Demo {#sec-profile-demo}
This profile just enables a `demo` user, with password `demo`, uid `1000`, `wheel` group and
[autologin in the SDDM display manager](#opt-services.displayManager.autoLogin).

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# Docker Container {#sec-profile-docker-container}
This is the profile from which the Docker images are generated. It prepares a
working system by importing the [Minimal](#sec-profile-minimal) and
[Clone Config](#sec-profile-clone-config) profiles, and
setting appropriate configuration options that are useful inside a container
context, like [](#opt-boot.isContainer).

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# Graphical {#sec-profile-graphical}
Defines a NixOS configuration with the Plasma 6 desktop. It's used by the
graphical installation CD.
It sets [](#opt-services.xserver.enable),
[](#opt-services.displayManager.sddm.enable),
[](#opt-services.desktopManager.plasma6.enable),
and [](#opt-services.libinput.enable) to true. It also
includes glxinfo and firefox in the system packages list.

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# Hardened {#sec-profile-hardened}
A profile with most (vanilla) hardening options enabled by default,
potentially at the cost of stability, features and performance.
This includes a hardened kernel, and limiting the system information
available to processes through the `/sys` and
`/proc` filesystems. It also disables the User Namespaces
feature of the kernel, which stops Nix from being able to build anything
(this particular setting can be overridden via
[](#opt-security.allowUserNamespaces)). See the
[profile source](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs/tree/master/nixos/modules/profiles/hardened.nix)
for further detail on which settings are altered.
::: {.warning}
This profile enables options that are known to affect system
stability. If you experience any stability issues when using the
profile, try disabling it. If you report an issue and use this
profile, always mention that you do.
:::

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# Headless {#sec-profile-headless}
Common configuration for headless machines (e.g., Amazon EC2 instances).
Disables [vesa](#opt-boot.vesa), serial consoles,
[emergency mode](#opt-systemd.enableEmergencyMode),
[grub splash images](#opt-boot.loader.grub.splashImage)
and configures the kernel to reboot automatically on panic.

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# Installation Device {#sec-profile-installation-device}
Provides a basic configuration for installation devices like CDs.
This enables redistributable firmware, includes the
[Clone Config profile](#sec-profile-clone-config)
and a copy of the Nixpkgs channel, so `nixos-install`
works out of the box.
Documentation for [Nixpkgs](#opt-documentation.enable)
and [NixOS](#opt-documentation.nixos.enable) are
forcefully enabled (to override the
[Minimal profile](#sec-profile-minimal) preference); the
NixOS manual is shown automatically on TTY 8, udisks is disabled.
Autologin is enabled as `nixos` user, while passwordless
login as both `root` and `nixos` is possible.
Passwordless `sudo` is enabled too.
[NetworkManager](#opt-networking.networkmanager.enable) is
enabled and can be configured interactively with `nmtui`.
It is explained how to login, start the ssh server, and if available,
how to start the display manager.
Several settings are tweaked so that the installer has a better chance of
succeeding under low-memory environments.

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# Minimal {#sec-profile-minimal}
This profile defines a small NixOS configuration. It does not contain any
graphical stuff. It's a very short file that sets the supported locales
to only support the user-selected locale, and
[disables packages' documentation](#opt-documentation.enable).

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# Perlless {#sec-perlless}
Render your system completely perlless (i.e. without the perl interpreter). This
includes a mechanism so that your build fails if it contains a Nix store path
that references the string "perl".

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# QEMU Guest {#sec-profile-qemu-guest}
This profile contains common configuration for virtual machines running under
QEMU (using virtio).
It makes virtio modules available on the initrd and sets the system time from
the hardware clock to work around a bug in qemu-kvm.